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This page is Dedicated to the Late Jay Lininger 
1940 - 2004

MATRIX: A Journal of the History of Minerals is a quarterly publication published by MATRIX Publishing. The founders of MATRIX were Lawrence H. Conklin and Jay L. Lininger. 

A group of devoted South Dakota mineral collectors, including Tom Campbell, Chris Korpi, June Zeitner and myself (Thomas Loomis) with the outstanding help of Jay Lininger contributed several articles dedicated to the mineral history of South Dakota. Their efforts have been published in the MATRIX issues Volume 10, numbers 2 & 3 (Summer and Fall, 2002).  These issues are perhaps the single most comprehensive publications found to date in one collaborative publication. Below are the articles found in these issues:

South Dakota I - Vol. 10, No.2 

Historic Mineral Feature
The Mineralogy of South Dakota: A Historical Perspective
with a Geologic Overview

by Chris Korpi, Thomas Loomis, and Jay Lininger

A wonderful and comprehensive journey to the "discovery" of the South Dakota's Black Hills, their gold fields and vast mineral treasures with a Geologic Overview.

Historic Mineral Feature
Harney Peak, South Dakota, the "Tin Centre of America"

by Thomas Loomis

A historical account of the discovery of Tin in the Black Hills and how the a New York businessman contrived and swindled millions from the English during the 1890's. A brief description of the geology and mineralogy of the Etta mine is included.

Historic Mineral Feature
The Unique Mineralogy of South Dakota's Jewel Cave

by Jay Lininger

As one of South Dakota's treasures, Jewel Cave is one of the largest caves in the United States. The history of its discovery and its unique mineralogy is described.

Historic Mineral Feature
A Collector's Journey in Western South Dakota
By Chris Korpi

Chris describes the adventures he experienced while a student at South Dakota School of Mines. From sand calcite collecting with rattlesnakes in the Badlands to seeking beryllo-phosphates, Chris characterizes collecting in the South Dakota in the 1980's.

South Dakota I - Vol. 10, No.3 

Historic Mineral Feature
The Holy Terror, the Uncle Sam and the Golden Reward: in the Shadows of Homestake
by Thomas Loomis

The Homestake mine located in Lead was once America's largest producing gold mines. During the early years of the late 1890's and early 1900's the Homestake stole the thunder from many smaller gold mines in the Black Hills. This article spot lights three of the more prominent mines.

Historic Mineral Feature
An Early History of the Homestake Mine, Lead, South Dakota
by Jay Lininger

The Homestake's early history is fascinating starting with the discovery in 1876 by Fred and Moses Manual and the transfer of ownership to George Hearst. This article describes these early years, which are often overlooked in literature.

Historic Mineral Feature
A History of Black Hills Pegmatites
by Thomas Loomis

Describes some of the more famous Black Hills pegmatites, their history,  geology and mineralogy are discussed. This includes the The Big Chief, Ingersoll, Hugo, and Tin Mountain mines and the huge spodumene crystals found at the Etta mine.

Historic Mineral Feature
The Tip Top Pegmatite: A Historical Review and Mineralogical Update
by Thomas Loomis and Thomas Campbell

The Tip Top mine is one of the world's greatest phosphate localities with 64 phosphate minerals identified to date eleven of which are type locality minerals. This articles describes the history and behind the scenes accounting of how and who discovered these minerals and provides an update to ongoing investigations. A side bar, written by Chris Korpi, is included and describes his personal experience at the Tip Top. 

Historic Mineral Feature
Willard Lincoln Roberts - the Man in the Bow Tie
by June Culp Zeitner and Thomas J. Campbell

A delightful biography about the man many consider one of the best mineralogist of our time - "Bill" Roberts. June and Tom talk about Bill's many achievements as a collector and scientist as well as a family man, mentor of many, curator, professor and friend to all.

Historic Mineral Feature
A South Dakota Mineral Treasure: June Culp Zeitner
by Jay Lininger

June Culp Zeitner is the "Queen of Mineralogy" as discussed by Jay in this wonderful article. June, now in her 80's, is currently writing her eighth book on "Geodes". She is truly a South Dakota if not National treasure.

The Authors with Bob Whitmore (discoverer of Whitmoreite) at the 2003 Tucson Show.
From left to right: Jay Lininger, Chris Korpi, Bob Whitmore, Tom Loomis and sitting - June Culp Zeitner. Not pictured: Tom Campbell.

The South Dakota contingent would like to express our sincere appreciation for the inspiration and enthusiastic leadership of the late Jay Lininger of MATRIX Publishing.  This effort would not have been possible without his help. All of us would like to thank the many librarians, historians, the USGS, the Adams Museum in Deadwood, SD, the Black Institute of Geological Research, especially Bob Farrar, and Tom Campbell, formerly of the Museum of Geology, SDSM&T, and to our beloved spouses who endured long days and nights and provided encouragement.  And finally a HUGE THANK YOU to the late Gary Grenier. Gary devoted many long hours to photographing countless micro crystals of the many mineral specimens necessary for the color plates in both issues. Thanks Gary, your photos were awesome!

Regretfully, since the passing of Jay Lininger, MATRIX magazine has not been published. Jay put his heart and soul into this publication. MATRIX was a great mineral magazine and it looks as though it will be discontinued. Save those old back issues!

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Last modified: May 8, 2008